Future Ideas
Here are some of my thoughts on how a future engine might look. I am not devoting any time to this, and it would not come to exist for several years, but it's fun to think about technology and design:
I've been fascinated with the game "Fuel". This game has an enormous playable area that is streamed from the hard drive. You can drive for hours and barely cover a fraction of the map. For some reason the game has been given bad reviews. I played Motorstorm on the PS3, and I think Fuel is a lot better than that game, not even considering the impressive technical features. Anyways, I love the large open world. Fully dynamic lighting was one holy grail of game development, and I think a continuous open world is another.
I would start this with a concept of "regions". Each region is a square on the grid, perhaps 1024x1024 units. The region has a terrain heightmap, terrain normal map, and an SBX file for all entities in the region. As you move around the world, regions are loaded from the hard drive in a square of playable area around you. Maybe there are 16 regions active at any given time. This number should be adjustable. Only physics and scripts of the entities within this active region are updated. When a region goes out of the playable area, it is saved to a file, and this new file is loaded if that region re-enters the playable area. So you aren't going to have enemies fighting and moving around when they are a million miles away. The engine just updates the regions nearby, because it would be simply impossible to update millions of entities. The AI in STALKER actually uses a technique similar to this, and I think they originally were planning on a huge continuous world but weren't able to pull it off. Each region can be culled on a separate thread, so this design lends itself to multithreading.
So far what I have described is a big challenge, but it seems feasible. The real nightmare begins when we talk about networking. If your friend walks ten miles away and interacts with a person who's attitude towards you changes based on the interaction, well the server needs to be running two simulations. One simulation is for you and everything around you. The other simulation is for your friend and everything around them. What your friend does will change the world outside your playable area, so that when you enter that region it will be different than when you left. Now consider physics. Due to the massive distances, there would need to be two separate physics simulations running. Then they would need to be merged together when you approached each other. Wow, no wonder no one has done this yet! Fuel has a multiplayer mode, but it's just a racing game. Your actions don't have any permanent consequences on the world around you. An FPS, adventure, or RPG game will be quite different. I'm not even sure this is technically possible, without severe restrictions in flexibility.
Fortunately, real-time rendering is not going to change much in the next ten years. We'll be able to do more as hardware advances, but I think we'll still be using the same basic techniques for a long time. That means that every feature and technique we add now will still be useful for a long time, even in a new engine.
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